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EU AI Act requirements for AI agents

Authensor

The EU AI Act is the first major regulation specifically targeting AI systems. For AI agents that take actions autonomously, the Act imposes requirements around risk management, human oversight, record keeping, and cybersecurity. This guide breaks down what matters for teams building AI agents.

Risk classification

The Act classifies AI systems by risk level:

  • Unacceptable risk: Banned (social scoring, real-time biometric surveillance)
  • High risk: Subject to all compliance requirements
  • Limited risk: Transparency obligations only
  • Minimal risk: No obligations

AI agents that make decisions affecting people (hiring, credit, medical, legal) are likely classified as high-risk. Agents that operate in critical infrastructure, education, or law enforcement are explicitly listed as high-risk.

Key requirements for high-risk AI agents

Risk management (Article 9): Implement a risk management system that identifies, evaluates, and mitigates risks throughout the AI system's lifecycle. For agents, this means assessing what can go wrong when the agent takes autonomous actions.

Data governance (Article 10): Training and validation data must meet quality criteria. For agents using RAG, this extends to the data sources the agent retrieves from.

Technical documentation (Article 11): Maintain detailed documentation of the system's design, intended purpose, capabilities, and limitations.

Record keeping (Article 12): Automatically log all significant events during the agent's operation. Logs must be retained for the system's lifetime or at least six months.

Human oversight (Article 14): Design the system so humans can effectively oversee it, understand its outputs, and intervene when necessary.

Cybersecurity (Article 15): Implement appropriate security measures to protect against unauthorized access and manipulation.

How Authensor maps to these requirements

| EU AI Act Requirement | Authensor Feature | |----------------------|-------------------| | Risk management | Policy engine, content scanning | | Record keeping | Hash-chained receipt audit trail | | Human oversight | Approval workflows, escalation rules | | Cybersecurity | Prompt injection defense, behavioral monitoring | | Transparency | Receipt-based action logging |

Timeline

The Act entered into force in August 2024. Requirements phase in over time:

  • August 2025: Bans on unacceptable risk systems
  • August 2026: Obligations for high-risk systems apply
  • August 2027: Full enforcement

If you are building AI agents for the EU market, August 2026 is the compliance deadline for high-risk systems.

Getting started with compliance

Start by classifying your AI agent's risk level. If it falls into high-risk, implement the required controls. Authensor provides the technical layer for several of these requirements, but compliance also involves organizational processes, documentation, and governance that go beyond tooling.

Keep learning

Explore more guides on AI agent safety, prompt injection, and building secure systems.

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